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20th August, 2023

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Drawing Lines Using DDA Algorithm in C Graphics - Step-by-Step Guide

Drawing lines is a fundamental task in computer graphics. The Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA) algorithm is a straightforward method to draw lines on a computer screen. In this tutorial, we'll guide you through implementing the DDA line drawing algorithm in C using graphics.h library. Follow this step-by-step guide to create your own line drawing program!

Step 1: Setting Up Environment:
Before we start, make sure you have a C compiler installed along with the graphics.h library. You can use Turbo C or Code::Blocks IDE for ease.

Step 2: Include Necessary Libraries:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>

Step 3: Main Function:

int main() {
    int gd = DETECT, gm;
    initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\Turboc3\\BGI");

    int x1, y1, x2, y2;
    printf("Enter coordinates of the first point (x1 y1): ");
    scanf("%d %d", &x1, &y1);
    printf("Enter coordinates of the second point (x2 y2): ");
    scanf("%d %d", &x2, &y2);

    int dx = x2 - x1;
    int dy = y2 - y1;

    float steps = abs(dx) > abs(dy) ? abs(dx) : abs(dy);
    float xIncrement = dx / steps;
    float yIncrement = dy / steps;

    float x = x1;
    float y = y1;

    for (int i = 0; i <= steps; i++) {
        putpixel(round(x), round(y), WHITE);
        x += xIncrement;
        y += yIncrement;
    }

    getch();
    closegraph();
    return 0;
}

Step 4: Explanation:

We initialize the graphics mode using initgraph() with DETECT and gm as graphics mode.
Users input the coordinates of the two endpoints of the line.
We calculate the differences in x and y values (dx and dy).
steps determine the number of points to plot; it's the maximum of absolute dx and dy.
xIncrement and yIncrement calculate how much to increment x and y for each step.
We then iterate from 0 to steps, plotting each point using putpixel().
After plotting, we wait for a key press using getch(), and then close the graphics window.

In this tutorial, we've walked through the process of implementing the Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA) line drawing algorithm in C using the graphics.h library. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you've gained a solid understanding of how to create a basic line drawing program.

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